D) generator potential. D) moves membrane potential away from threshold. A postsynaptic cell can be a neuron, a muscle cell, or a secretory cell. In each of the following sentences, circle the phrase following the subject. c. Motor efferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. a. visual information. C) neurolemma D. axon hillock. b. increasing glial scarring. Which membrane potential occurs because of the influx of Na+ through chemically gated channels in the receptive region of a neuron? They are robust signaling cells. c. The cerebral cortex includes the cerebellum. B) repolarization A Pyrex container is completely filled with 275cm3275 \mathrm{~cm}^3275cm3 of mercury at 10.0C10.0{\degree} \mathrm{C}10.0C. c. Cerebellum Large-diameter nerve fibers conduct impulses much faster than small-diameter fibers. The CNS contains about 100 billion neurons, on the periphery - about 25 million.<br><br>The neuron is covered by a membrane that forms a closed space . c. Myelination This disease causes gradual muscle stiffness . C) sensory neurons that convey information from somatic receptors in the head, body wall, and limbs and from receptors from the special senses of vision, hearing, taste, and smell to the CNS The hills on the surface of the brain are referred to as: 9. Neurotransmitters are chemical signals used as a means of communication. b. Neurons have . The characteristic neurologic picture including loss of consciousness, temporary respiratory arrest, and loss of reflexes. C) calcium d. Vagus nerve. What type of motor neuron stimulates skeletal muscle fibers to contract by the excitation contraction mechanism? Question. b) Neurological cells protect and support neurons. Potentials that are short-lived, local changes in membrane potential that can be either depolarized or hyperpolarized are called ________ potentials. c. sensory and motor neurons that su. a. 13. Both responses are examples of graded potentials. Which of the following plays an integral role in saltatory conduction? 14. B) innervation of cardiac muscle Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? a. other neurons b. muscles c. glands d. all of the above, All of the following are characteristics of sympathetic preganglionic neurons EXCEPT: a. destroy ACh a brief period after its release by the axon endings. a. The part of a neuron that conducts impulses away from its cell body is called a(n) ________. b. ANS stimulation of involuntary effectors is always excitatory. d. pineal gland. They conduct impulses. d. Neurotransmission from the neuron would increase. True or False, Some neurotransmitters can be either excitatory or inhibitory depending upon the receptor. How can a single axon respond to several different kinds of events? c. pineal gland. A. a. Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________. Which of the following statements is true of both membrane potential responses shown in the graphs? having a low appetite. b) The preganglionic neuron (sometimes called the ganglionic neuron), is the second motor neuron. The oligodendrocytes can myelinate several axons, Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system, During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. The characteristics that vary on a continuum among people, such as height, skin color, or intelligence, are most likely determined by polygenic inheritance. Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? described as having a word on the tip of your tongue, might have abnormal functioning in the: A) cholinesterase b. Myelin prevents conduction of electricity from the axon hillock to the axon terminal. 39. d . C) negatively charged and contains more sodium. D) stimulate the production of acetylcholine, Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system? What structural classification describes this neuron? Answer: Option D is correct Explanation: Neurons generally do not e . Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________. a. cerebellar ataxia. Neurons in the CNS are organized into functional groups. ce3z/(4zi)3dz_ce^{3z}/(4z-i)^3dz Integrate. Begin by sketching the contour. How can potentially poisonous gases like NO and CO be used by the body? 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Which of the following is not found in the limbic system? b. they prevent axons from re-growing. All of the following describe the functions of astrocytes except: c. Activation of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons The part of the neuron responsible for receiving, integrating, and sending nerve impulses is the A. dendrite. If an experimental drug produced physiological effects similar to nitric oxide, then a 11. d. represent a general decline of autonomic nervous system activity. analyzes sensory information, stores information, makes decisions. In terms of function, scientists classify neurons into three broad types: sensory . d. the hypothalamus. Some axon terminals contain more than one kind of neurotransmitter. hippocampus, which of the following would most likely be the result? Image credit: iStockphoto. b. polymorphism. Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia lying outside the central nervous system. To which part of the spinal cord is sensory information sent? c. working memory. Discover and discuss the meaning of dendrites, axon, membrane polarization, membrane depolarization, and synapses. These cells have a star-like shape and a central body that contains the . c. basal ganglia. C) proteins have been resynthesized 1. What is the role of microglial cells and why are they so important in the CNS? The all-or-none phenomenon as applied to nerve conduction states that the whole nerve cell must be stimulated for conduction to take place. c. Oligodendrocytes capacity of divide via mitosis due to absence of centrosomes. Neurons may be classified according to several characteristics. B They have extreme longevity. During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative. C) oligodendrocytes c. Motor efferent neurons possess long dendrites and short axons. b. B) provide the defense for the CNS A. c. the thalamus. c. Myasthenia Gravis. The interior of a neuron is composed of cytoplasm and a gel that is called. taking the substance. Characteristics and function of neurons. likely to occur? b. medulla. c) Myelin traps sodium ions on the axon an. A) peripheral and spinal nerves B) brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves C) brain and spinal cord D) spinal cord and spinal nerves. a. temporal lobe. A neuron is a cell that communicates with the brain. Neurons are the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. likely true? c. end terminus. c. it increases flow to highly active neurons. 77. 60. Neuronal processes that normally conduct impulses toward neuron cell bodies are called and those that carry impulses away from neuron cell bodies are called. D) They can be called postsynaptic potentials. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. Differentiate the actions and chemical messengers in the endocrine system from those in the nervous system. c. Astrocytes What portion of the neuron receives signals from other neurons? It is composed of densely packed cells. b) Myelinated axons transmit nerve impulses in the same manner as unmyelinated axons. 1.Sensory. a. Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue(s). a. messenger ribonucleic acid. Ganglia are on or near the target organ. A) the impulse would move to the axon terminal only. 10. Preganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral segments of the spinal cord. The pathogenesis of the sudden disruption of neurologic function is unknown; it probably involves dysregulation of the reticular activating system in . D) ATP and other purines A) Ions always move actively across membranes through leakage channels. a. Microglial cell activation 61. A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons. A) They conduct impulses. c. neurons. The function of neurons is to communicate information from one part of the body to other parts. d. temporal lobe. Describe which neurons are considered cholinergic in both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions. a. reduced cerebrospinal fluid. D) effector, What is the role of acetylcholinesterase? a. polymorphisms. d. prefrontal cortex. It is concluded that motor and sensory axons have a different substrate preference at early postnatal stages but this difference is lost in the adult. d. it fills spaces in the brain. All rights reserved. c. The person would later be unable to recall events that took place for some period of time after B. axon. 56. Which of the following is an EXCITATORY neurotransmitter secreted by motor neurons innervating skeletal. a. Schwann cells b. oligodendrocytes c. astroc, What kind of nerve cells are thought to be helpers for the neurons? When a gene is activated, a specific DNA segment is unraveled and transcribed onto: The structure that meets the spinal cord in the hindbrain is the: After peripheral nerve injuries, damaged axons can regenerate but functional recovery is limited by the specific reinnervation of targets. 33. c. medulla. D) spinal cord and spinal nerves, The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________. Demyelination interferes with saltatory conduction, which would result in a slowing down of nerve impulse propagation. What is a substance released from neurons that influences the sensitivity of neurons to neurotransmitters called? a. Dendrite b. We used embryonic stem cell-derived (H9) human neuronal stem cells . When activated, shortens C. Found in the brain and spinal cord. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. True or False, The action potential is caused by permeability changes in the plasma membrane. : Question 35 1.5 pts Which of the following is not a special characteristic/property of neurons? 1. Which division of your nervous system is generating this response? 66. conditions in Russian society that led to the Revolution of 1917. Preganglionic neurons tend to be long, with the ganglion located in or near the effector target tissue (s). b. sympathetic nervous system. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the parasympathetic division? All of the following describe functions for cerebrospinal fluid except: Estimate the mass of Hg vapor present in the type of long, thin fluorescent tubes used in offices. d. Neurons. Its cell body is in an autonomic ganglion outside the CNS. High metabolic rate. c. M2 microglial cells The parasympathetic division includes the splanchnic nerves. d. M1. Which of the following is not true of graded potentials? The Quadratic Formula from Kinematics In this problem we show how the kinematic equations of motion can be used to derive the quadratic formula. Which of the following will occur when an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is being generated on the dendritic membrane? Name the two other neuron types which are cholinergic. a. Oligodendrocytes a. Autonomic pathways consist of two types of motor neurons. c. neurotrophins. A. they produce neurotransmitters B. they lack neurotransmitter receptors C. they receive communication from other neurons D. they slow down the action potential. True or False, Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity. What market share did Mountainside have? c) Myelinated axons utilize fewer, Which of the following statements does not accurately desoribe a characteristic of the autonomic nervous system? C) neurotransmitter b. cerebellum. c. gene duplication. A) Sensory neuron B) Motor neuron C) Interneuron D) All of the above. The basal ganglia act to stabilize voluntary movements. d. reduce cortical arousal. 68. A) Group C fibers are not capable of saltatory conduction. c. Hypoglossal nerve A neuron that has as its primary function the job of connecting other neurons is called a(n) ________. d. Extrapyramidal System. In the discussion section the authors wrote "In this study, we observed that different paradigms of tES application could ameliorate motor function impairments in ICH induced by collagenase administration into the striatum of rats.". d. Sympathetic ganglion, 24. DI) They have an exceptionally high metabolic rate. Show the details. This protective role is important because cells of the immune system are denied access to the CNS. kilauea military camp eisenhower house,